Effects of cardiovascular diseases on socio-economic well-being of household in Bomet county, kenya

Abstract

Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are a growing public health concern in sub-Saharan Africa, with significant socioeconomic implications if left unaddressed. However, limited research exists on the economic impact of CVDs on households, particularly in rural Africa. This study aimed to assess the socioeconomic effects of CVDs on households in Bomet County, Kenya, focusing on the types of CVDs, access to healthcare services, and awareness of CVDs in relation to economic well-being. The study utilized the Fundamental Cause Theory, Material Deprivation Theory, and Psychosocial Theory to explore the relationship between socioeconomic disadvantage and CVD onset. A descriptive design was employed, incorporating mixed-methods approach with households survey, in-depth interviews, and focus group discussions. A sample of 399 households from three sub-counties in Bomet County was randomly selected for analysis using descriptive statistics, inferential statistics, and thematic analysis. Results showed that heart failure was the most common CVD, followed by stroke and rheumatic heart disease. Only 23.2% of respondents reported easy access to healthcare services, with financial barriers affecting 75.2% of households. Awareness of CVDs was low, with just 18.5% of respondents being familiar with these diseases, and 67.4% lacking formal education on the subject. Households affected by CVDs experienced 30% lower incomes, higher healthcare costs (27% of their budget), and faced challenges such as debt, asset depletion, food insecurity, and lower educational attainment compared to non-CVD households. Qualitative findings highlighted catastrophic treatment costs, loss of livelihoods, and social isolation. In conclusion, CVDs impose widespread socioeconomic hardships on rural Kenyan households. To mitigate these impacts, integrated interventions involving healthcare reform, social protection, and community education are essential to alleviate the burden and promote universal health coverage.