Factors Influencing the Implementation of Competency-Based Curriculum in Public Primary Schools in Kajiado County, Kenya

Abstract

According to the Competency-Based Curriculum (CBC) framework, the primary goal is to foster holistic development in learners by equipping them with a broad range of skills, knowledge, and values. However, successful implementation of the Competency-Based Curriculum requires a supportive environment where teachers are adequately trained, resources are readily available, and the curriculum is consistently aligned with these goals. This study sought to establish the factors influencing the implementation of a Competency-Based Curriculum in public primary schools in Kajiado County, Kenya. To achieve the above objectives, the study adopted an explanatory research design. The target population was 338 head teachers and senior teachers. A stratified random sampling method was employed to select 177 respondents. A pilot study was conducted to test the research tools. An online questionnaire was used to collect data from the respondents. Data was analyzed using descriptive and inferential methods using SPSS version 24 software. The findings, significant at p < 0.001, showed that human resource strategies have a notable impact on the implementation of the Competency-Based Curriculum (CBC) in Kajiado County, with an overall mean score of 3.73 and a moderate to strong correlation (r = 0.45). This highlights the importance of effective resource management. Headteachers' leadership strategies were also viewed positively, with an overall mean score of 3.96 and a strong correlation (r = 0.50), indicating that effective leadership plays a crucial role in Competency-Based curriculum implementation. Strategic planning received a moderate mean score of 3.57, suggesting varied perceptions and areas needing improvement, but with a significant relationship to CBC implementation (r = 0.52). Lastly, teacher training strategies were highly regarded, with a mean score of 4.48 and a strong positive correlation (r = 0.48), underscoring the importance of robust training and support in the successful implementation of CBC. The study findings provide insights into the determinants of CBC implementation and propose recommendations for effective implementation such as enhancing human resources strategies by ensuring the Teachers Service Commission (TSC) deploys qualified teachers and implements continuous professional development programs.